Key messages

• Acute decompensated heart failure is related to a worse prognosis, as it represents the possible onset of the advanced stage of chronic heart failure.
• Every effort should be made in order to optimize the disease’s modifier drugs in the post-acute phase to improve prognosis of the patients.
• SGLT2 inhibitors as well as sacubitril/valsartan could allow to reach this goal. To reduce the burden of heart failure re-hospitalizations, new therapeutic approaches based on the use of new vasodilators and inotropes and on the correction of iron deficiency should be considered.
• For the optimization of patient management and improval of adherence, all patients should be carefully followed-up in an interventional programme.